和could的区别用法_Should的用法并没有看起来那么简单哦！

虎山行不行

于 2021-01-09 09:22:30 发布

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文章标签：和could的区别用法

本文链接： https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_30531679/article/details/112668603

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今天的“英语UP”，学小神继续和你一起在“犄角旮旯”学英语。到目前为止，我们已经复习过了can/could, may/might, 以及have to和must等情态动词的用法。而且是非常地道的用法哦！因为我们参考的书是来自剑桥出版社的《English Grammar in Use》。悄悄告诉你，这也是学小神当年在欧洲留学的时候，学校英语语法课使用的教材！如果你错过了之前的内容，可以在文末找到相应的链接回看。

今天，我们来复习一个很常见，但是又很容易用错的词，should，以及两个很native的短语had better和it's time。下面让我们进入今天的内容。

A Should do

Should的一般用法就是用来给予一个建议。比如父母通常特别喜欢转发一些微信文章给我们然后说You should read it.它的否定形式是shouldn't，它的意思相当于是说it isn't a good thing to do。这里可以看出来，should的强制性要比must和have to都要弱。

下面举几个一般使用方法的栗子

栗子

You look tired. You should go to bed. "Should we invite Susan to the party?""Yes, I think we should." You shouldn't believe everything you read in the newspapers. You should apologize. (= it would be a good thing to do) You must apologize. (= you have no alternative) B 表示错误和期待

除了上面的一般用法，我们还用should来指出错误的事情。比如：

栗子

The price on this packet is wrong. It should be $2.50, not $3.50. That man on the motor bike should be wearing a helmet.

当一些事情没有达到我们的预期时，我们也可以用should来表示。同时，我们也用should来表示我们对未来的一种预期。

栗子

I wonder where Tina is. She should be here by now. She's been studying hard for the exam, so she should pass. (= I expect her to pass) There are plenty of hotels in the town. It shouldn't be difficult to find somewhere to stay. (= I don't expect it to be difficult) C

Should have done和shouldn't have done

我们前面讲过了could have done和needn’t have done。你还记得它们的用法吗？现在轮到should have done和shouldn't have done啦。

首先，should have done是表达你曾经本应该去做但是并没有做的事情。

栗子

You missed a great party last night. You should have come. I wonder why they're so late. They should have arrived long ago.

而shouldn't have done则刚好相反，表达的是你做了一件本不应该做的事。

栗子

She shouldn't have been listening to our conversation. It was private. I'm feeling sick. I shouldn't have eaten somuch. D

和should搭配的动词

一般来说，下面这些动词用来和should搭配：

Demand/insist/propose/recommend/suggest

栗子

They insisted that we should have dinner with them. I demanded that she should apologize. What do you suggest I should do?

除此之外，我们还经常用should搭配的句型包括：

It's important/vital/necessary/essential that … should …

栗子

It's essen tial that everyone should be here on time.

敲黑板，上面这两个固定用法中，should也都可以省略不写。

栗子

They insisted that we have dinner withthem. What do you suggest I do? It’s essential that everyone be here ontime.

这个时候，这些动词是可以使用过去时态的。比如：

栗子

They insisted that we had dinner with them. I demanded that she should apologized. E

Should搭配的形容词

前面说过，should通常表示我们的期待。所以，一般来说，不符合我们期待的时候，我们会用下面这些形容词来表达自己的心情：

Strange/odd/funny/typical/natural/interesting/surprised/surprising

栗子

It's strange that he should be late. He's usually on time. I was surprised that he should say such a thing. F

If…should…

我们先来看一个栗子

栗子

If Tom should phone while I'm out, tell him I'll call him back later.

这里，表达的是，如果我不在的时候Tom给我打电话。这和”if Tom phone”的意思相似。但是加了should之后，表示Tom打电话来的可能性会比较低。在看一个比较心碎的栗子：

栗子

We have no jobs at present. But if the situation should change, we'll let you know.

我们也可以不用if，而是直接用should作为句子开头。这样这个句子就可以变成：Should Tom phone, tell him I'll call him back later.

这个用法我们经常在一些英文的商务信函末尾看到。比如"Should you have any question, please don't be hesitated to contact me."

Should的无厘头用法

有的时候，我们用I should或者I shouldn't来给别人意见。就相当于I would… if I were you.

比如：

栗子

A: Shall I leave now?" B: No, I should wait abit longer."

这里说的是，“如果我是你，我会在等一会儿”。而不是在说“我应该再等一会儿”。

栗子

I shouldn't stay up too late. You'll betired tomorrow.

我熬夜为啥你会累…… 年轻人，不要想歪(wū)了…… 实际的意思是，“如果我是你，我就不会熬夜”。

Had better和should

首先，had better的使用经常被简写为：I'd better, you'd better等。这里虽然是had，但是我们表达的往往是未来，而不是过去。和should的区别在于，had better do something表达的是，最好做某事，如果不做，可能会有一定的后果发生。而should则往往不会有这么立竿见影的后果。

栗子

We'd better go now, or I'll be late. “Shall I take an umbrella?” “Yes, you'd better. It might rain.” We'd better stop for petrol soon. The tank is almost empty.

Had better的否定形式是had better not.

比如，我们曾经可能特别喜欢听到父母说：

You don't look well. You'd better not go to school today.

Had better和should的区别主要在于，当用来表达某一个具体的事情的时候(比如stop for petrol, take an umbrella, 或者go now)，had better和should都可以使用。

但是当我们形容一个范范的事情的时候，就不能用had better而只能用should。比如

You are always at home. You should go out more.

这个go out more就是一个很范的建议，并没有建议要具体干嘛。所以要用should。

八竿子打不着的It's time…

学小神也不知道为什么这里蹦出来个It's time…… 但是既然有，那就一起复习了吧。

It's time的一般用法大家都很熟悉。就是It's time to do something。

但是这里，我们要讲的是它的高级用法。比如，It's time somebody did something.

这里虽然是did，但是表达的现在。我们来看个例子

栗子

It's late. It's time we went home.

It's 10 o'clock and he's still in bed. It's time he got up.

大家猜测一下这两句话背后的含义吧。当我们说It's time you did something，我们实际表达的意思是You should have already done it or started it.也就是当我们抱怨你还没有做某个应该做的事情的时候。我们再来看几个栗子：

栗子

It's time the children were in bed. It's long after their bedtime. You're very selfish. It's time you realized that you're not the most important person in the world.

如果这样还不足以表达我们的不满，我们可以加一个about，也就是It's about time来加强我们的语气。

Reference: Murphy, R., 2006. EnglishGrammar in Use. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

想一想你最近一次表达这种不满或者“被”表达的情况，然后试着用It's (about)time……来描述一下。欢迎把你的造句写在留言区和我们分享。以上就是今天与你分享的内容。如果对文中那个知识点依然有问题，欢迎直接留言和大家一起讨论，或者私信学小神，我会为你详细解答。