句子成分 & if条件句 北京四中 赵悦.

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1 句子成分 & if条件句 北京四中 赵悦

2 Outline of the lesson I. 句子基本成分 II. 不同类型从句辨别 III. Break (music)
IV. if条件状语从句

3 I. 句子基本成分 1.We laugh and we cry, we live and we die. 主语（subject）：句子陈述的主体。 谓语（verb）: 主语发出的动作。

4 Find the subjects and verbs
A teenager won. My book will come out. The meeting has finished. Smiling always works.

5 Find the subjects and verbs
A teenager won. My book will come out. The meeting has finished. Smiling always works.

6 2. Hobbies develop your interests.
主语（subject）： 句子陈述的对象。 谓语（verb）：动作或活动。 宾语（object）： 动作涉及的对象。

7 Find the subjects, verbs and objects.
will tidy up the table. I have a collection of dolls. My collection costs much money. We can see her. I can see clearly.

8 Find the subjects, verbs and objects.
will tidy up the table. I have a collection of dolls. My collection costs much money. can see her. I * I can see clearly.

9 3. His hobby brings him success.
近宾 远宾 主语（subject）： 句子陈述的对象。 谓语（verb）: 主语发出动作。 宾语（object）： 动作涉及的对象。

10 Find the subjects, verbs and objects.
will give you something new to do. He taught us P.E. The interview took us much time. Sailing brings him enjoyment.

11 Find the subjects, verbs and objects.
will give you something new to do. He taught us P.E. The interview took us much time. Sailing brings him enjoyment.

12 5. His book is interesting.
主语（subject）： 句子陈述的对象。 系动词（link verb） 表语（predicative）： 描述主语状态， 身份等。

13 Find the subjects, verbs and predicative.
am a teacher. The interview is successful. Sailing is relaxing. Everyone grows old.

14 Find the subjects, verbs and predicative.
am a teacher. The interview is successful. Sailing is relaxing. Everyone grows old.

15 6. 状语（adverbial modifier)
His book came out in 2003. We play basketball in school. I like music because of my father. People see with eyes. 请牢记：状语是修饰谓语动词的。

16 Find the adverbial modifiers in the sentences.
My father bought me a bike on my birthday. Last week, I went to Guilin for my holiday. I like mountain biking because it’s exciting. His first book came out when his was five years old.

17 Find the adverbial modifiers in the sentences.
My father bought me a bike on my birthday. Last week, I went to Guilin for my holiday. I like mountain biking because it’s exciting. His first book came out when his was five years old.

18 7. 定语：attribute The old lady is walking slowly.
He is a tall and handsome boy. My parents gave me a pair of nice shoes for my 9th birthday. Wang Hua is an 8-year-old girl, and she lives in a small village far away from Beijing.请牢记：定语是修饰名词的。

19 Find the attribute in the sentences.
Beijing is an old city. I don’t like the blue dress; It’s too small. We should not go out on such a cold and rainy day. Santa is an old fat man with white beard and he wears red clothes. It’s five minutes’ walk from here. My sister is the girl in the red dress.

20 Find the attribute in the sentences.
Beijing is an old city. I don’t like the blue dress; It’s too small. We should not go out on such a cold and rainy day. Santa is an old fat man with white beard and he wears red clothes. It’s five minutes’ walk from here. My sister is the girl in the red dress.

21 请分析下列句子不同成分 Everyone needs home and friends. She is my best friend.
Please pass me your book. I began school when I was 7.

22 请分析下列句子不同成分 Everyone needs home and friends. 主 谓 宾
主 谓 宾 2. She is (my) (best) friend. 主 系 定 定 表 3. Please pass me your book. 谓 宾 宾 4. I began school when I was 7. 主 谓 宾 状

23 5. Last year, my father bought me a beautiful pair of shoes in London.
6. He will be a famous star in the future.

24 5. Last year, my father bought me a (beautiful)
状 主 谓 宾 定 pair of shoes in London. 状 6. He will be a (famous) star in the future. 主 系 定 表 状

25 II. 不同类型从句辨别 在简单句相应的句子成分的位置上出现了句子，则构成了相应的从句。

26 Everyone needs home and friends.
主 What we need are home and friends. 主语从句 That he finished writing his paper in such a short time surprised us all.

27 2. I know her. 宾 I know that she is very good at maths. 宾语从句 She told me her birthday. 宾 宾 She told me when her birthday was.

28 3. My father bought me a bike on my birthday.
时间状语 My father bought me a bike when I was five. 时间状语从句 Because of the rain, we can’t go fishing. 原因状语 Because it is raining, we can’t go fishing 原因状语从句 Without water, people can’t live. 条件状语 If there is no water, people can’t live. 条件状语从句

29 4. My sister is the girl in the red dress.
定语 The girl (who is wearing a red dress) is my sister. 定语从句 Beijing is an old city. Beijing is a city (that has a long history).

30 请判断下列从句属于哪种从句 Who will win the match has not been decided.
I have decided whether I will enter the match. He is the man that I saw yesterday. When he got up he found it was very dark outside.

31 请判断下列从句属于哪种从句 Who will win the match has not been decided. 主语从句
2. I have decided whether I will enter the match. 宾语从句 3. He is the man that I saw yesterday. 定语从句 4. When he got up he found it was very dark 状语从句 宾语从句 outside.

32 5. If I see you again, I will tell you everything.
6. I don’t know if I will see you again.

33 5. If I see you again, I will tell you everything.
状语从句 6. I don’t know if I will see you again. 宾语从句

34 Let’s start from here 王若琳
Giving up, why should I I've come to far to forget We're beautiful, we just got lost Somewhere along the way So much was missing when you went away

35 Let's start from here, lose the past Change our minds, we don’ t need a finish line Let's take this chance don't think too deep Of all those promises we couldn’t seem to keep I don't care where we go Let's start from here

36 Standing here face to face A finger on your lips Don't say a word don't make a sound Silence surrounds us now Even when you were gone I felt you Everywhere

37 Let’s start from here, lose the past Change our minds, we don’t need a finish line Let's take this chance don't think too deep Of all those promises we couldn’t seem to keep I don't care where we go Let's start from here Let's start from here

38 I've never been the one to open up But you've always been the voice within The only warmth from my cold heart Let's start from here, lose the past Change our minds, we don't need a finish line Let's take this chance don't think too deep Of all those promises

39 Let's start from here, lose the past Change our minds, we don't need a finish line Let's take this chance don't think too deep Of all those promises we couldn't seem to keep I don't care where we go Let's start from here

40 III. 条件状语从句 if 引导的条件句 Tell me if you see him.
If you want to go shopping, you can call me. I will call you if I arrive there tomorrow.

41 if 引导的条件句 Tell me if you see him. 主句为祈使句，if从句为现在时。 祈使句： 表示指令，请求的句子。 无主语，动词原形开头。

42 按红色的按钮。 Press the red button. 请打开灯。 Turn on the lights, please. 别管你父母要钱。 Don’t ask your parents for money. 别在公共场所大喊大叫。 Don’t shout in public.

43 如果你想录音，按红色的按钮。 If you want to record, press the red button. 如果你要看书，请打开灯。 If you want to read, turn on the lights. 如果你认为你已经独立，别管你父母要钱。 If you think you have been independent, don’t ask your parents for money. 如果你需要受尊重，别在公共场所大喊大叫。 If you want respect, don’t shout in public.

44 if 引导的条件句 2) If you want to go shopping, you can call me. 主句含有情态动词，if从句为现在时。

45 If you want to stay healthy, you must do sports.
You can try another way if you can’t arrive at the place in one way.

46 if 引导的条件句 3) I will call you if I arrive there tomorrow. 主将 从现 I will lend you my car if you return it soon. If you eat too much, you will put on weight. I will ask him in person if you don’t tell me.

47 1. I’ll go swimming with you if I ________ free tomorrow.
A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was 2. We will stay at home if my aunt ________ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 3. I’ll go to meet you，if I _________ free then. A. would be       B. will be     C. am         D. was

48 1. I’ll go swimming with you if I ________ free tomorrow.
A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was 2. We will stay at home if my aunt ________ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 3. I’ll go to meet you，if I _________ free then. A. would be       B. will be     C. am         D. was

49 4.If you _______ to the music, buy a CD.
A. will listen     B. listen    C. listening     D. listened 5. If he _______ , I _______  swimming alone. A. doesn’t come, will go      B. won’t come; will go C. will come; won’t go          D. is coming; don’t go 6. Frank _______ a film if he’s free next Saturday. A. see            B. saw        C. has seen        D. will see 7. If he __________ exercise, he            healthy. A. not; will                   B. isn’t; won’t be C. doesn’t; will be        D. doesn’t do; won’t be

50 4.If you _______ to the music, buy a CD.
A. will listen     B. listen    C. listening     D. listened 5. If he _______ , I _______  swimming alone. A. doesn’t come, will go      B. won’t come; will go C. will come; won’t go          D. is coming; don’t go 6. Frank _______ a film if he’s free next Saturday. A. see            B. saw        C. has seen        D. will see 7. If he __________ exercise, he            healthy. A. not; will                   B. isn’t; won’t be C. doesn’t; will be        D. doesn’t do; won’t be

51 注意：要区分if引导的宾语从句和状语从句
If I see you again, I will tell you everything. 状语从句：if翻译成“如果” 主将从现 I don’t know if I will see you again. 宾语从句：if翻译成“是否” 从句要跟主句时态一致（主句是现在时从句时态则要根据实际情况调整）

52 8. I don’t know if _______ tomorrow.  A. it doesn’t rain                 
B. the rain will stop  C. the rains won’t stop          9. If it_________ tomorrow, we won’t go fishing. A. rain B. will rain C. rains 10. Do you know if he to the party tomorrow? I think he will come if he ___free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be

53 8. I don’t know if _______ tomorrow.  A. it doesn’t rain                 
B. the rain will stop  C. the rains won’t stop          9. If it_________ tomorrow, we won’t go fishing. A. rain B. will rain C. rains 10. Do you know if he to the party tomorrow? I think he will come if he ___free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be

54 1.If you ________(feel) tired, you _______ (have) to have a rest.
2. Where _____ he ____(see) the film if he _____(have) time? 3. If there _____ (be) fewer trees, there ________ ( be) more pollution. 4. He ________ (dress)  more casually if he ________ ( not work) on weekends. 5. If Marcia ________ (live) alone, she __________ ( keep) a pet parrot.

55 feel will have 1.If you ________(feel) tired, you ________ (have) to have a rest. 2. Where _____ he ____(see) the film if he _____(have) time? 3. If there _____ (be) fewer trees, there ________ ( be) more pollution. 4. He ________ (dress)  more casually if he ________ ( not work) on weekends. 5. If Marcia ________ (live) alone, she __________ ( keep) a pet parrot. will see has will be are will dress doesn’t work lives will keep

56 6. I don’t know if he _______ (like) watching TV
6. I don’t know if he _______ (like) watching TV. But if he ______ (watch) too much TV, his parents ___________ (be) unhappy. 7. I asked if he _______ (go) to USA some day. He says that if he ______ (have) enough money, he _______ (think) about it.

57 likes 6. I don’t know if he _______ (like) watching TV. But if he ______ (watch) too much TV, his parents ___________ (be) unhappy. 7. I asked if he _______ (go) to USA some day. He says that if he ______ (have) enough money, he _______ (think) about it. watches will be will go has will think

58 Homework 1. In the zoo if a child _____ into the water and can’t swim, the dolphins may ______ him. A. will fall; help B. falls; help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping 2. If you _______ the book you will understand the story better.   A. will be reading    B. have read     C. will have read    D. read