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Collisions in 1D Lesson 3
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Objectives explain, qualitatively, that momentum is conserved in an isolated system. explain, quantitatively, that momentum is conserved in one and two-dimensional interactions in an isolated system define, compare and contrast elastic and inelastic collisions, using quantitative examples, in terms of conservation of kinetic energy.
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Diploma Question Alert!
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Diploma Question Alert!
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Diploma Question Alert!
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Momentum is Conserved in an Isolated System
Isolated System: does not allow matter or energy to pass in or out. This means that: This is a conservation law, just like matter, energy, charge...
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Conservation of Momentum
Conservation of momentum can be written mathematically as: where Σ is the greek symbol sigma and means "the sum of".
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This allows us to examine a very special type of situation in physics: the collision.
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Collisions There are two types of collisions we study:
1. Elastic Collision: objects collide and bounce back without deforming, there is no energy lost. (ex: pool balls colliding). 2. Inelastic Collision: objects collide but deform in some way, losing energy (ex: a volleyball hitting the floor). Objects bounce back less or not at all (hit and stick).
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1D Collision Example A 0.25 kg volleyball is flying west at 2.0 m/s when it strikes a stationary 0.58 kg basketball dead centre. The volleyball rebounds east at 0.79 m/s. what will be the velocity of the basketball immediately after impact? Step 1: Make a free-body diagram. Step 2: Write the conservation statement. Step 3: plug and chug (mind your negatives!)
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Example A 125 kg bighorn ram butts heads with a younger 122 kg ram during mating season. The older ram is rushing north at 8.50 m/s immediately before collision, and bounces back at 0.11 m/s [S]. If the younger ram moves at 0.22 m/s [N] immediately after collision, what was its velocity just before impact?
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Question: was this collision elastic or inelastic?
If the collision was elastic, then there will be a conservation of energy.
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Hit and Stick Example A 1100 kg car traveling at 25 km/h [E] collides with a 1300 kg car traveling at 15 km/h [W]. After collision, the two cars stick together. What is the velocity of the cars after impact?
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Explosion Example A pizza pop of mass 250 g is initially at rest. If it is heated and explodes into two chunks, one with mass 100 g moving at 3.0 m/s left and the other with mass 150 g moving right, what is the velocity of the second chunk?
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Example A kg bullet is fired from a 5.0 kg gun. If the velocity of the bullet is 275 m/s, what is the recoil velocity of the gun?
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Ballistics Pendulum example:
Today, ballistics gel is used to determine velocities of projectiles like bullets.
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Example con’t. A 2.59 g bullet strikes a stationary 1.00 kg ballistic pendulum, causing the pendulum to swing up to 5.20 cm from its initial position. What was the speed of the bullet immediately before impact? Step 1: Use conservation of energy to determine velocity of the block-bullet system. Step 2: Use conservation of momentum to find the velocity of the bullet before impact.
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Diploma Question Alert!
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Diploma Question Alert!
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Diploma Question Alert!
Momentum Conservation
Aim: How can we apply conservation of momentum to collisions? Aim: How can we apply conservation of momentum to collisions? Identify conservation laws.
Problem of the Day An 1800 kg car stopped at a traffic light is struck from the rear by a 900 kg car, and the two become entangled, moving along the same.
Linear Momentum why is more force needed to stop a train than a car if both travel at the same speed? why does a little tiny bullet have so much impact?
1. Momentum: By Momentum, we mean “Inertia in Motion” or more specifically, the mass of an object multiplied by its velocity. Momentum = mass × velocity.
Conservation of Momentum
1 Chapter Six: Momentum and Collisions. 2 Momentum is the product of the mass of a body and its velocity. A body may be an assembly of particles. Such.
Momentum and Energy in Collisions. A 2kg car moving at 10m/s strikes a 2kg car at rest. They stick together and move to the right at ___________m/s.
Aim: What is the law of conservation of momentum? Do Now: A 20 kg object traveling at 20 m/s stops in 6 s. What is the change in momentum? Δp = mΔv Δp.
Momentum Impulse, Linear Momentum, Collisions Linear Momentum Product of mass and linear velocity Symbol is p; units are kgm/s p = mv Vector whose direction.
Chapter 7 Impulse and Momentum.
Law of Conservation of Momentum. If the resultant external force on a system is zero, then the vector sum of the momentums of the objects will remain.
Momentum is Conserved in an isolated system.
Chapter 4 Impulse and Momentum.
Section 7-4: Conservation of Energy & Momentum in Collisions
Unit 7.2 Conservation of Momentum Teacher: Dr. Van Der Sluys.
Conservation of Momentum & Energy in Collisions. Given some information, & using conservation laws, we can determine a LOT about collisions without knowing.
Chapter 7 Linear Momentum
Conservation of Momentum Physics 11. Quick Questions to Discuss with neighbour If you throw a ball against a wall, which of the three impulses is the.
Science Starter A 2 kg object moving east at 12 m/s collides with a stationary 6 kg object. After the collision, the 2 kg object bounces west at 6 m/s.
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