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Theories of Government
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What is Government? Government-makes and enforces public policies, and consists of lawmakers, administrators and judges
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Where did it begin? The State-(country)
Aristotle-Greek Scholar, studied Polis- comes from Latin word stare (to stand) now it identifies a Political Community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized government. *almost 200 states in the world
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Nation-sizeable group of people united by common bonds of race, language, customs, tradition, religion. ex. Quebec-French Canadians
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Features of a State Population-nature of its stability
Consensus-share political and social beliefs (Americans and belief in democracy) Mobility-Americans move a lot-shift in population from the N & E to S & W = change in representative, political power Territory-established boundaries Sovereignty-state has supreme and absolute authority within it’s borders
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Theories of Origin of the State
Many theories Evolutionary Theory-Head of the Family and as the extended family grew so did the complex of government Ex. Abraham’s descendents in the Old Testament
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Force Theory-A person or group forced control over an area and people through war (soldiers)
Divine Right Theory-God chose a group of people to rule-Chinese, Egyptians, and Aztec-Monarchies
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Social Contract Theory
Early 1600’s, Europeans challenged rule by monarchy Thomas Hobbes-England first theorize, wrote in a “state of nature” no gov’t would exist and life would be nasty, brutish, and short. SO-by contract people surrendered to the state to maintain order. They did NOT have the right to break that agreement John Locke-wrote people are naturally endowed with the right to life, liberty, and property and preserve these they contracted to give power to a governing authority-if the gov’t fails they have the right to break the contract (American rev)
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Purpose of government Decisions are authoritative-forced on all
Maintain Social Order(Locke) Provide public service-(Lincoln)
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Provide defense-protect against other states and threats like terrorism, states cannot fight
Provide for and control the economic system-varies between countries, still poor and rich, Material Scarcity = conflict/revolutions, work to stimulate economy by controlling inflation, encouraging trade and regulating development of natural resources.
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Systems of Government Unitary-gives all powers to national or central government. Central government has power to create other local governments, GB-France-Italy Federal(ism)-divides powers of government between state and national-U.S
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Constitutions Sets out ideals that people believe and share
Establishes basic structure of government and defines gov’ts powers and duties Supreme law Incomplete guides-can’t spell out all laws and may not represent actual gov’t, China talk about rights etc. but have police that spy Set Goals-Preamble (does our preamble match?)
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Politics Effort to control or influence the conduct and policies of government Complex world-Industrialized nations and developing nations but still have to work with each other because of economics = politics, Examples-Opec, WTO (common trading goals)
The Principles of Government
Section 1 Introduction-1
Foundations of American Government
Government.
Government.
Principles of Government
Aristotle He was one of the first students of government.
Ideas About Government
Chapter 1: People & Government
Government Chapter 1 People and Government
Government - Principles – Formation – Purposes - United States Government and Politics Spring 2015 Miss Beck.
People and Government. Principles of Government Population, the most obvious essential feature of a state. ◦ State: a political community that occupies.
Principles of Government What is “the state” ? Taken from the Latin stare (to stand) a state is a political community that occupies a definite territory;
Principles of Government
What is a country?. Government If it didn’t exist, we would have to invent it. Government is an institution and their systems that rule a country and.
Principles of Government
Chapter 1. State – political community in a precise territory ◦ Sovereignty Government makes and enforces laws Nation ◦ Sizable group of people.
Principles of Government What is the purpose of government? What form of government is best? Where did the idea originate?
Government and Our Lives Unit 1. “Man is by nature a political animal; it is his nature to live in a state” -Aristotle 335 B.C.
People and Government Mr. Dodson.
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