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作为一名医学生或执业医师，我们必须要学习医学术语吗?
Is that a must for us to learn medical terms as a medical student or HCP?
我想答案很明确：是的，必须学习
I guess the answer is quite simple and straightforward. Yes, it is.
我们花费数年时间学习医学知识，在各种考试中一路过关斩将，但却连一句表达自己临床思维的完整句子都说不出来，更别说与国外医生展开一段学术对话了。我们将来面对的是人的生命，所以我们必须抓紧一切机会用英语去充实丰满自己，去学习先进的医学。
We spent years learning medical knowledge and earning high grades over all the tests, but unable to utter a complete sentences expressing our own clinical experience, not to initiate an academic conversation with a foreign-trained doctor. We must try to seize the chance using English to fulfill ourselves and learn the advanced medicine since what we are going to do is based on saving people's life.
如果你在学习医学术语上有困难，欢迎关注「Meducal医学」，在这里你可以免费自主地学习医学英语，很期待认识你！
So if you have difficulties in learning medical terms, you can follow us and learn medical terms for free. What are you waiting for, come on and join us!
@Wilber
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在我们系统学习医学英语前，让我们先来了解医学英语的5条普遍规律。
⊙ 复杂单词可被分解为词根、词缀，其中词缀又分为前缀和后缀
Hemat/o/logy（血液学 the process of study of blood）
分解：词根 Hemat (blood) · 后缀 logy (process of study)
⊙ 一般词根和后缀之间用"O"相连，
如 Hemat · o · logy
⊙ 当后缀的首字母为元音时不用加“O”
Gastr·itis（胃炎 the inflammation of stomach）
分解：词根 Gastr (stomach) · 后缀 itis (inflammation)
而非 Gastro·itis
⊙ 两个词根之间必须加“O”（大多数情况）
Gastr·o·enter·o·logy（肠胃病学 the process of study of stomach and small intestine）
分解：词根 Gastr (stomach) · 词根 enter (small intestine) · 后缀 -logy (process of study)
而非 Gastr·enter·logy
⊙ 前缀和词根之间一般不用加"O"
Hyper·glyc·emia（高血糖）
分解：前缀 Hyper (excessive) · 词根 glyc (sugar) · 后缀 -emia (blood condition)
Hyper- 为前缀；glyc 为词根，注意两者之间并没有加“o”
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通过上述介绍，我们大致了解到一个复杂的医学英语单词可以被分解为词根（不止一个）和词缀（分前缀、后缀，通常为一个），所以了解常用词根词缀是学习医学英语的重中之重，我们将会在之后的各系统专栏给大家详细分类介绍词根；今天先给大家介绍一些比较重要的前缀，下一期则会详细介绍后缀，还请大家多多关注。
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好！那我们开始本期前缀的学习
***- 表前缀；***/o 表词根；-*** 表后缀
a-, an- no, not, without
apnea: 无呼吸
a- (no) · pnea (breath) ==> no breath
ab- away from
abnormal: 异常的
ab- (away from) · normal==> away from normal
ad- toward
adrenal glands: 肾上腺
ad- (toward) · ren/o (kidney) · -al (pertaining to) gland ==> A gland pertaining to toward the kidney
ana- up, apart
anabolism: 合成代谢
bol/o (to cast) · -ism (condition)
ante- before, forward
antepartum: 产前
part/o (childbirth) · -um (singular noun ending, structure)
anti- against
antibody: 抗体
auto- self
autoimmune disease: 自身免疫病
bi- two
bilateral: 双边的
later/o (side) · -al (pertaining to) ==> pertaining to 2 sides
brady- slow
bradycardia: 心率减慢
card/o (heart) · -ia (condition)
cata- down
catabolism: 分解代谢
bol/o (to cast) · -ism (condition)
con- together
connective: 连接的
contra- against
contralateral: 对侧的
later/o (side) · -al (pertaining to)
de- down, lack of
dehydration: 缺水
hydr/o (water, fluid)
dia- through, complete
diarrhea: 腹泻
-rrhea (flow, discharge)
dys- bad, painful
dyspnea: 呼吸困难
-pnea (breathing)
ec- out
ectopic pregnancy: 宫外孕
top/o (place, position)
endo- in
endoscope: 内镜
scope (instrument for viewing)
epi- upon, on, above
epithelium: 上皮
theli/o (cellular layer, nipple)
eu- good, normal
euphoria: 欣快
-phoria (feeling)
ex- out
exophthalmos: 眼球突出
ophthalm/o (eye, vision)
hemi- half
hemiglossectomy: 半舌切除术
gloss/o (tongue) · -ectomy (removal)
hyper- excessive
hyperglycemia: 高血糖
glyc/o (sugar) · -emia (condition of blood)
hypo- deficient, under
hypoglycemia: 低血糖
infra- under
infracostal: 肋骨下
costal (ribs)
inter- between
intercostal: 肋间
intra- in, into
intravenous: 静脉注射的
ven/o (vein)
macro- large
macrocephaly: 巨颅
cephaly (head)
mal- bad
malignant: 恶性的
lig/o (bind, scary)
micro- small
microscope: 显微镜
neo- new
neoplasm: 肿瘤
plasm (liquid part of blood)
pan- all
pancytopenia: 全血细胞减少
cyt/o (cell) · -penia (decrease)
para- beside, near
parathyroid glands: 甲状旁腺
thyroid glands 甲状腺
per- through
percutaneous: 经皮的
cutane/o (skin)
peri- surrounding
pericardium: 心包的
cardi/o (heart)
poly- many
polymorphonuclear: 多形核白细胞
morph/o (shape, form)
pre- before
prenatal: 出生前的
natal (birth)
pro- before
prolapse: 下垂的
lapse (fall)
pros- before
prosthesis: 假体
re- back, again
relapse: 再发；复发
retro- behind
retroperitoneal: 腹膜后的
peritone/o, periton/o (peritoneum)
sub- under
subcutaneous: 皮下的
supra- above，upper
suprapubic: 耻骨弓上的
pubic (genital region)
syn-, sym- together, with
synthesis: 合成
symmetry: 对称
好啦，常用的医学英语前缀都总结好了，刚开始学习医学英语会有点难度，坚持住，先把前缀学扎实了，一步步稳扎稳打，希望大家都能把医学英语学得杠杠的～～
嘿嘿
别忘了上Quizlet战场
https://quizlet.com/_5nzsy2
打前缀小怪兽哇～
MEDUCAL: 为医学打Call！
下期预告
「医学英语常用后缀」
@DRWILBER