Order chiroptera
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This document provides information about the order Chiroptera (bats). It discusses their classification in the animal kingdom, anatomy featuring elongated arm and hand bones to support wings, roles in pest control and plant pollination/seed dispersal, worldwide distribution with 17 families and over 800 species, and characteristics of the two suborders - Megachiroptera (flying foxes) and Microchiroptera (most species worldwide). Key facts are given on several common bat species in North America.
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Order chiroptera
- 2. Topic : Order chiroptera • Submitted to : Sir zaher Ahmad • Submitted by : Seema Hassan » Fazal raqib » Muzamil shah
- 3. Chiroptera (hand-wing)
- 4. CLASSIFICATION KINGDOM: ANIMALIA •PHYLUM: CHORDATA •CLASS: MAMMALIA •ORDER: CHIROPTERA (mega or micro) •FAMILIES: 18 (1 mega 17 micro) •GENERAS:170 •SPECIES:850
- 5. Bat Basics: Anatomy •Arm and hand bones are elongated to support the wing
- 6. Pest control • Bats Help to Control Pests One bat may eat ~ 500 mosquitoes/hour •~ 10 hours/night = 5,000 mosquitoes
- 7. Bat Basics: Benefits •Bats Pollinate Flowers
- 8. Bats disperse the seeds and pollinate the flowers of many plants. Fruits that depend on bats for pollination or seed dispersal include: bananas, mango peaches, , guava, dates, cashews, carob, figs, avocados, jack fruit, plantains,
- 9. Dietary characters • fruit bats: fruits and flowers • Vampire bats: blood (bats of only one species are obligately hematophagous) • Other bats: insects (moths, ants, termites, wasps, leafhoppers, beetles, crickets, flies, bugs, midges, mosquitoes, and others)
- 10. Order Chiroptera • only true flying mammals • date to Eocene (50 mya) • worldwide – 17 families – 170 genera – 850 species • suborders – Megachiroptera-flying foxes of tropics – Microchiroptera-worldwide
- 11. Megabats • 1 family, 170 species • Tropics/subtropics • Frugivores • Nectarivores • Insectivores • Food located by sight/smell • Very well developed eyes • Wingspans up to 6 feet
- 12. Characteristics of Megabats • They have large Eyes • Small Ears • Large noses • Large wings • Dark in colour
- 13. Microbats • 17 FAMILIES 780 SPECIES • MORE DIVERSE THAN MEGABATS • FOUND WORLDWIDE EXCEPT POLAR REGIONS • USE ECHOLOCATION TO NAVIGATE IN DARK FOR FOOD • INSECTIVORES, SOME CARNIVORES/NECTARIVORES • 3 SPECIES EAT BLOOD (SANGIVORES)
- 14. CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROBATS • They have small eyes • Specialized • developed ears • Nose leaves • Small wings • Light in colour
- 15. OF ALL BATS IN THE WORLD: • 2/3 EAT INSECTS • 1/3 EAT NECTAR • 1% EAT FROGS, MICE, FISH, SMALL INVERTS • < 1/3 OF 1% ARE VAMPIRE
- 16. Little Brown Myotis Myotis lucifugus
- 17. Little Brown Myotis Just the facts: • PA’s most common bat • 6-9 grams • may live to 25 years • favors ponds and streams for foraging • forages at about 13 mph, 3-6 m above ground • mate in early autumn; fertilization in spring upon rousing; 50-60 day gestation • move to maternity colonies of hundreds • born after 30 minute labor in late May weighing1.5 grams • reaches sexual maturity at 8 mos.
- 18. Indiana Myotis/Pink-faced Bat Myotis sodalis Federally Endangered
- 19. Small-footed Myotis Myotis leibii PA Threatened
- 20. Silver-haired Bat Lasionycteris noctivagans
- 21. Eastern Pipistrelle Pipistrellus subflavus
- 22. Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus
- 23. Red Bat Lasiurus borealis
- 24. Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus
- 25. Evening Bat Nycticeius humeralis
- 26. Vampire Bat
Editor's Notes
- Just the bare bones of it…folks!! I think you notice some skeletal similarities.... Bones of the wing are the same as those in the human arm and hand, but the finger bones are very long …
- Life in America would not be the same without bats. Desert ecosystems rely on nectar-feeding bats as primary pollinators of giant cacti, including the famous organ pipe and saguaro of Arizona. They also assist in seed dispersal for these plants. Note: The turquoise colored footnotes in this presentation are quoted from Important Bat Facts – a pamphlet published by Bat Conservation International **Bat Fact --Tequila is produced from agave plants whose seed production drops to 1/3000th of normal without bat pollinators. You may want to think of the long-nosed bats as the tequila connection.