土壤中的 PFAS：它们如何通过多种途径威胁人类健康以及它们是否受到足够的关注,Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

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土壤中的 PFAS：它们如何通过多种途径威胁人类健康以及它们是否受到足够的关注
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2023-01-09 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06283
Yingna Xing ₁ , Qi Li ₁ , Xin Chen ₂ , Bin Huang ₂ , Lei Ji ₁ , Qiang Zhang ₁ , Xiaowen Fu ₁ , Tianyuan Li ₁ , Jianing Wang ₁

Affiliation

全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 已大量生产并广泛应用于消费品和工业产品，导致它们广泛存在于环境中。环境持久性、生物蓄积性和即使在低剂量下也具有高毒性等特性使 PFAS 日益受到关注。这篇简短的综述重点关注土壤 PFAS，尤其是土壤 PFAS 对其他环境介质的影响及其通过日常饮食对人类健康的潜在威胁。具体而言，首先研究了由不同途径引起的土壤 PFAS 污染。使用水性成膜泡沫 (AFFF) 造成的土壤污染通常比含氟化学品制造厂造成的污染更严重，其次是生物固体土地利用、垃圾填埋场和灌溉。PFAS 的碳链长度等因素，废水处理技术、地理条件和区域发展水平，与土壤PFASs污染有关。然后，分析了土壤 PFASs 的迁移、生物富集和毒性特征。短链 PFAS 具有更高的溶解度、流动性和生物利用度，而长链 PFAS 具有更高的生物蓄积潜力，对生物体的毒性更大。土壤质地、溶液化学条件、酶和施肥条件等因素也会影响 PFAS 的环境行为。人类通过农产品和动物产品接触 PFAS 的风险难以控制，并因居住地区、年龄、饮食习惯、生活方式、种族等而异。土壤 PFAS 威胁饮用水安全，影响土壤功能，并进入食物网，威胁人类健康。

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PFASs in Soil: How They Threaten Human Health through Multiple Pathways and Whether They Are Receiving Adequate Concern

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been mass-produced and widely applied in consumer and industrial products, resulting in their widespread presence in the environment. Features such as environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, and high toxicity even at low doses have made PFASs an increasing concern. This brief review focuses on soil PFASs, especially the effect of soil PFASs on other environmental media and their potential threats to human health through daily diet. Specifically, soil PFASs contamination caused by different pathways was first investigated. Soil pollution from application of aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) is generally more severe than that from fluorochemical manufacturing plants, followed by biosolid land use, landfill, and irrigation. Factors, such as carbon chain length of PFASs, wastewater treatment technology, geographical conditions, and regional development level, are related to soil PFASs’ pollution. Then, the migration, bioaccumulation, and toxicity characteristics of soil PFASs were analyzed. Short-chain PFASs have higher solubility, mobility, and bioavailability, while long-chain PFASs have higher bioaccumulation potential and are more toxic to organisms. Factors such as soil texture, solution chemistry conditions, enzymes, and fertilization conditions also influence the environmental behavior of PFASs. The risk of human exposure to PFASs through agricultural and animal products is difficult to control and varies depending on living region, age, eating habits, lifestyle, ethnicity, etc. Soil PFASs threaten drinking water safety, affect soil function, and enter food webs, threatening human health. Knowledge gaps and perspectives in these research fields are also included in current work to assist future research to effectively investigate and understand the environmental risks of soil PFASs, thereby reducing human exposure.

更新日期：2023-01-09

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