关系代词的用法
Wx12_
2022-11-30
并广孙定义：
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所谓关系代词，就是指用于引导定语从句的代词。本之所以把这类代词叫做关系代词，是因为它们具有关联作用，能把所引导的从句与从句所修饰的词语（即先行词）联系起来。
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英语中常用的关系代词有：which、that、who、whom、whose。根据这些代词在句中的句法功能，可以把它们来自分为主格、宾格和所有格三类。
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主格：which、that、wh360新知o
宾格：which、th初紧at、who、whom
所有格：whose
which：
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which引导定语从句时，在从句中既可以作主语，也可以做宾语。如：
冷消消示投边指迅育Yesterday I lost the book which my Eng找初对叫夫团际判须精lish teacher had given me as a birthday gift. 仍职通仍根振（作宾语）
Yeste官起做究流酸画钢银能输rday I lost the book which h创布的不罗二制济限两ad been given to me 落品足证by my English teacher as a birthday gift. （作主语） -
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当which易祖构在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。如：
Yesterday I lost the book my English teacher had giv海蒸费企动en me as a birthday gift. -
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w史款型置己贵察hich也可以用来连接非限定性定语从句。如：
Yesterday I left Alice Springs, which is a small town in the center of Australi岁盐蒸向则a. -
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which可以与满底师终联命防述久介词一起使用，在从句中作状语，蛋距销相当于一个关系副词。如：
Yes专官terday I left Alice Springs, in which there is a big desert park.
that：
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that引导定语从句时，在从句中既可以作主语，也可以作宾语。如：
This is the dictionary that has helped m良落曾思e a lot in my English study. （作主语）
This is the dictionary that you are looking for. （作宾语） -
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当tha氢究机t在从句中作主语时，经常可以用which来替换。如：
This is the dictionary which has helped me a lot in my English study. -
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当that在从句中作宾语时，也可以用which来替换，而且经常会省略。如：
This is the dictionary you are looking for. -
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that不能引导非限定性定语从句。如：
错误：This is the dictionary, that cost me five dollars.
句中的that要改为which。
who：
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who引导定语从句时，在从句中一般作主语。如：
He is the man who called me four times yesterday. -
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who有时也会在从句中作宾语，相当于whom。如：
He is the man who you talked about yesterday. -
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who也能用来引导非限定性定语从句。如：
His brother, who is a teacher, is always kind to others.
whom：
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whom是who的宾格形式，在定语从句中只能作宾语。如：
She is the woman whom I served just now. -
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如果whom紧跟在介词后面，则不能省略。如：
She is the woman to whom I talked just now. -
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whom也可以用来引导非限定性定语从句。如：
The doctor, whom you admire, will visit our hospital tomorrow.
whose：
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因为whose是所有格形式，表示所属关系，所以在实际使用中，whose后面会紧跟一个名词，才能引导定语从句。如：
She lives in a room whose window opens to the north. -
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“whose+名词”也可以引导非限定性定语从句。如：
The driver, whose back was badly injured, was sent to the hospital nearby at once.
声明 本文系本人根据真实经历原创，未经许可，请勿转载。
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