在英语中,"that" 和 "who" 是两个常用的关系代词,通常用于引导定语从句。"that" 通常用于非人物的先行词和限定性定语从句中,而 "who" 通常用于人物的先行词和非限定性定语从句中。在选择使用 "that" 还是 "who" 时,需要根据先行词的不同来选择。
"that" 的用法
"that" 通常用于非人物的先行词。例如:
- The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
- The car that he bought is quite expensive.
在这些例子中, "that" 引导的定语从句修饰的是书和车这两个非人物的先行词。
此外, "that" 还可以用于限定性定语从句中,用于加强语气或确保句子的清晰度。例如:
- I want the cake that you made yesterday, not the one you made today.
- She is the only person that I trust with my secrets.
在这些例子中, "that" 用于限制性定语从句中,帮助我们更明确地指出我们需要的对象。
"who" 的用法
"who" 通常用于人物的先行词。例如:
- The woman who is sitting next to me is my sister.
- The teacher who taught us English is from Canada.
在这些例子中, "who" 引导的定语从句修饰的是人物先行词。
此外, "who" 还可以用于非限定性定语从句中,用于指代人物先行词并进一步描述其特征。例如:
- My friend, who is a doctor, is coming to visit me.
- My sister, who is always late, missed the train again.
在这些例子中, "who" 用于非限定性定语从句中,帮助我们进一步描述人物先行词的特征,但不是必需的。