toto句型的用法 ,英语介词to的用法

本文目录

1.英语介词to的用法

2.初中英语动词不定式的用法总结

3.too...to的用法举例

4.英语to的用法

英语介词to的用法

一：表示相对，针对
be
strange
(common,
new,
familiar,
peculiar,
distinct,
sensitive,
immune,
vulnerable,
indispensable)
to
Aircrafts
are
vulnerable
to
interference
caused
by
radiation.
二：表示对比，比较
1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior
,inferior,prior,senior,junior
The
quarrel
happened
prior
to
my
arrival.
2:一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal,similar,equivalent，analogous
A
is
similar
to
B
in
many
ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory
Subsequent
to
the
war,they
returned
to
their
hometown.
4:
to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer
to,compare
to,in
contrast
to
compare
to
sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare
with
sth.表示比较,如:
Compared
with
his
past,he
has
changed
a
lot.
Prefer的正确句型是:prefer
A
to
B或prefer
doing
A
to
doing
B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介
词to就要改成rather
than
,如:
They
prefer
to
pursue
careers
rather
than
remain
home
as
house
wives.
5:
to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative
Going
to
an
under
water
concert
is
a
great
alternative
to
going
to
dinner.
三:表示修饰关系
1:表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer
to
question,
solution
to
problem,response
to
inquiry,reaction
to
proposal,reply
to
letter
2:表示建筑构件的词汇,如:
entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path
the
approach
to
a
bridge引桥
the
approach
to
science
Half
of
the
population
was
estimated
to
have
no
access
to
the
health
service.
The
access
to
education接受教育的机会
The
access
to
medical
care享受公费医疗的权利
3:表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant
to
manager,
ambassador
to
Spain,
successor
to
tradition,
heir
to
throne,deputy
to
the
National
People’s
Congress
advisor
to
the
Prime
Minister
4:表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission
The
employee
finally
got
the
admission
to
the
boardroom.
Everyone
has
an
equal
right
to
……..
5:表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars
to
development,the
barrier
to
progress
6:表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction
to
passage.
7:表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The
director
proposed
a
toast
to
the
health
of
the
guests.
Let’s
drink
to
Dick’s
success
in
business
8:另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key
to
door,invitation
to
party,
guide
to
action,limitation
to
life,accessory
to
school四:
to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing
to
piano,
chance
to
the
tune,
stamp
to
the
rhythm
of
the
song,
add
salt
to
taste
（一）：表示相关联，相连接，如：be
related
to,be
relative
to,in
relation
to,be
relevant
to,link
to
（二）：表示反对和赞同。
1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be
opposed
to,be
oppsist
to,be
contrary
to,be
adverse
to,be
resistant
to,be
contradictory
to,object
to,oppose
to,deny
tp,be
aline
to
2:
to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent
to,subseribe
to,
The
employer
consented
to
give
him
a
salary
raise.
表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt
to,commodate
to,
adjust
3:表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be
subject
to,be
subordinate
to,submit
to,subject
to,surrender
to,give
in
to,confess
to,admit
to.
to,conform
to,habituate
to,fit
to,suitto,correspond
to,cater
to

初中英语动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to,动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。不定式保留动词的某些特性,可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语,叫作不定式短语。
一、用作主语
直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多,多数情况用it作形式主语,把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末,特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首,复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如:
无论是形式主语,还是形式宾语,都要用it,不能用其他词。切记!
1.As young adults, it is our duty to try our best to deal with each
challenge... (p.8)
it是形式主语,真正的主语是文中的划线部分。
2.The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.
(p.16)
3.How to make requests politely is important.(p.93)
划线部分看成三单形式。
二、用作表语
动词不定式作表语,常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。如:
为什么大家写不出长句子?没有大量的积累。多背诵,多思考。
1.The best way to improve your English is to join an English club.
(p.7)
2.The first thing is to greet the teacher. (p.96)
三、用作宾语
1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有:
要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree),
期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn),
宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know),
希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。
如:
1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there. (p.88)
2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.(p.50)
3)Id love to visit Mexico.(p.53)
2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach,
tell...,介词结构on...可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语,但why后面的不定式不带to。如:
1)Could you please tell me where to park my car?(p.92)
2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations. (p.32)
3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面,可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式,句子结构是...feel / find
/ make / ... it+adj. / n.+to do...。如:
这个知识点是重点,大家要记住。这样的句子在作文中是提分点。写出复杂的语法,让阅卷人眼前一亮。加分!!!
I find it difficult to remember everything. (p.98)
4.既可接动词不定式又可接v-ing形式作宾语,意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like,
love等。一般说来,动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程,v-ing形式表习惯性的连续动作。如:
1)Then I started to watch English-language TV.(p.6)
2)I’m beginning to understand my Chinese roots, and who I am. (p.116)
begin用了进行时态,后面只接不定式作宾语,表示事情刚开始,还要继续下去。
3)I like to eat vegetables. (p.118)
感知动词like, love, know等一般不用进行时态。
5.后接动词不定式或v-ing形式作宾语,意思差别较大的动词有forget,
remember等。后接不定式作宾语,表动作尚未发生;后接v-ing形式作宾语,表动作已经发生。stop to do停下来做另外一件事,to
do是目的状语;stop doing停止做、不做当前这件事,doing是宾语。try to do尽力做,try doing试试看;go on to
do接着做另外的事,go on doing继续做原来的事。如:
1)When I left home, I had forgotten to bring it with me.(p.107)
2)I stopped using them last year. (p.121)
四、用作定语
1.句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语,不定式与其所修饰的名词、代词等存在逻辑的动宾关系时,用动词不定式的主动式。如:
1)I have so many chores to do today.(p.112)
2)I cant think of any good advice to give her. (p.31)
3)Basketball has also become a more popular sport for people to
watch.(p.75)
也就是说,动词不定式可以做定语。
2.动词不定式所修饰的名词是place, time, way等时,
如:1)He needs time to do homework.(p.19)
2)Is that a good place to hang out?(p.88)
3)You want to know the best way to get around the city.(p.127)
3.在“there be...”句型里,句子的主语是动词不定式动作的对象,常用主动式。如:
1)There’s just so much to see and do here.(p.49)
2)... but there are still many things to do there.(p.54)
五、用作补语
动词不定式作补语时,在主动语态句里补宾语,在被动语态句里补主语,句子的宾语或主语是不定式动作的逻辑执行者。

too...to的用法举例

too...to句型的用法通常可译为"太……而不能……"、"太……无法……"。1、句型I：too＋adj./adv.＋to do 这个句型是too...to的最基本的常用句型。too＋形容词或副词，有时too后也可跟一个起形容词作用的过去分词。例如： The boy is too young to go to school.这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。 The hat is too large to wear.这帽子太大，没法戴。 He walks too slowly to get there on time.他走得太慢，不能按时到达那儿。 I'm too tired to think of anything now.我太累了，什么也不能想了。 2、句型II：too...to＋to be
V-ed这是"too...to"结构中不定式为被动式时的变体，如果主语是不定式动作的承受者，不定式既可以用主动式，也可以用被动式，此时用主动式虽然在形式上是主动的，但在涵义上却是被动的。例如： The tea is too hot to drink/to be drunk.茶太热，不能喝。 The molecules are much too small to see/to be seen.分子太小，看不见。 The shoes are too badly broken to be mended.这些鞋子破烂得不能修补。 3、句型III：too＋adj./adv.＋forsb./ sth.to do /be V-ed在"too...to"结构中加上一个for
sb./sth.,以提示动词不定式的逻辑主语，可以起到一定的限制作用，即限制不定式所表示的动作行为只是就它的逻辑主语而言的，对于其他人或物则不一定是这样，这就使句子意思更具体、明白。例如： English is too difficult for me to learn
well.英语太难，我学不好。(具体指出谁学不好，只是我学不好，可能别人学得好。) This question is too difficult for me to answer.这是一个我不能回答的难题。 4、使用这个句型要注意以下几点： (1) 如果用介词for引出to＋动词的逻辑主语，而且该逻辑主语又是to＋动词动作的执行者，to do就要用主动式。如果该主语是to＋动词动作的承受者，则须用被动形式。它不像句型II中的不定式既可用主动式，又可用被动式来表示一个主语承受的动作。 (2) 在这个句型中，句子主语和不定式的宾语是指同一个事物，则宾语不能重复，必须省掉，有时甚至其后的to do也可以省去。请试译：这个箱子太重，我搬不动。
误：This box is too heavy for me to carry it.
正：This box is too heavy for me to carry. 这辆小汽车太贵，他买不起。
误：The car is too expensive for him to buy it.
正：The car is too expensive for him(to buy). (3) 带for sb./sth.的"too...to"结构应是以物为主语，for sb./sth.可以省略，并不会影响句子否定意义的表达。如果原句以人作主语，一般来说就没有必要加不定式的逻辑主语了。例如： It's too late for us to catch the early bus.太晚了，我们赶不上那趟早班公共汽车了。
The teacher spoke too fast for us to follow.老师讲话太快，我们听不清楚。 5、句型IV.too＋adj.＋a(an)＋n.＋to V./to be V-ed.
这个句型在too＋adj.后再接一个带不定冠词的名词，不定冠词一定要放置于形容词后。与此同时，只有当too后形容词修饰一个可数名词时，才可以在形容词与名词间加不定冠词"a"。当句子主语能发出该不定式的动作时，可以用to＋V.的主动式，当主语是该不定式动作的承受者时，则用to be＋V-ed的被动式。例如： He's too experienced an artist to mind what the critics say.(＝As an artist he's too experienced to mind what the critics say.)他是个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不会介意批评家说些什么。 He is too experienced an artist to be worried by what the critics say.他是一个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不至于为批评家们的议论而担忧。必须特别指出的是，并不是所有"too...to"结构的句子都表示否定意义，在下列情况下，"too...to"结构可以表示肯定意义： (1) "too...to"结构之前带有but,only,all,never,not时，是强调肯定的表示法，译作"非常……"、"十分……"、"实在……"、"真是太……"等。例如： I am but too glad to do so.我非常喜欢这样做。 We are only too happy to live in China.生活在中国，我们太幸福了。 They are all too satisfied to go and do this work.他们很乐意地去做这项工作。 You're never too old to enjoy a Christmas stocking.你绝对不会老得不能获得圣诞长袜带来的快乐。 English is not too difficult to learn.英语并不难学。 (2) "too...to"结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词，如ready, apt, eager, satisfied, inclined, kind,willing,easy,anxious等加动词不定式结合成一个不可分割的状态、态度、倾向或心情等，并且其后的不定式不是说明too的具体内容，而是修饰形容词，故不定式不再表示结果。例如： Comrade Lei Feng was too ready to help others.雷锋同志乐于助人。 The old woman is too apt to forget.这位老太太太健忘了。 We are too willing to be scientists.我们太想当科学家了。 He is too inclined to be cheated.他很容易上当受骗。 He was too anxious to do this job.他非常想干这件工作。 She is too hard to deal with.她极难相处。 I am too eager to have a world travel.我很想有一次环球旅行。 It's too kind of you to tell me that.(＝You are very kind to tell me that.)你告诉我那件事真是太好了。 (3) 在"too...to"结构中，不定式为否定式时，是构成的双重否定，其意为"非常(很，太，那么)……不会不(必定能，所以能)……"，也不表示否定意义。例如： He is too kind not to help you.他很善良，不会不帮助你。 The girl is too careful not to do it well.这姑娘很细心，完全能干好那件事。 (4) 除了上述情况外，还有一种"too...to"结构在翻译上也有它的特殊之处。请试译： The question is too easy(simple)to answer.
误：这个问题太容易(简单)了，回答不了。
正：这个问题太容易(简单)了，不值得回答。这里按"too...to"结构表示否定意义来译，显然不妥。这里too也是"过于"、"太"的意思，但这个句子可以表达一种特殊的意义，即"太……，不值得……"。再比较： The question is too complicated(difficult)to answer.这个问题太复杂(难)了，不好回答。
The question is simple enough to answer.这个问题很简单，容易回答。又如： The room is too big to hold only afew people.容纳这么几个人，这个房间显然太大了。(意即：容纳这么几个人，不值得用这么大的房间。) 比较：
This room is too small to hold so many people.这个房间太小了，容纳不了这么多人。
This room is big enough to hold so many people.这个房间足够容纳这么多人。 They got there too early to catch the bus.赶公共汽车，他们到那儿有点太早了。(意即：不必去得那么早。) 比较：
They got there too late to catch the bus.他们去得太晚了，没有赶上公共汽车。
They got there early enough to catch the bus.他们早早到了那里，完全可以赶上公共汽车。

英语to的用法

to的用法:
一：表示相对，针对
be strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive, immune, vulnerable, indispensable) to
Air is indispensable to life.
Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation.
This injection will make you immune to infection.
二：表示对比，比较
1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior
The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.
2: 一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous
A is similar to B in many ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory
Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown.
4: to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to
compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:
World is usually compared to a stage
Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.
Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介
词to就要改成rather than ,如:
The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.
Many people prefer spending money to earning money.
They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.
5: to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative
Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.
三: 表示修饰关系
1: 表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question,
solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter
2: 表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path
the approach to a bridge引桥
the approach to science
Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.
The access to education 接受教育的机会
The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利
3: 表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition, heir to
throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress
advisor to the Prime Minister
4: 表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission
The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom.
Everyone has an equal right to ……..
5: 表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress
6: 表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.
7: 表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests.
Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business
8: 另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to door,invitation to
party,
guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school
四: to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste
（一）：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant to,link to
Investigate all the facts related to the problem.
People often linked walth to happiness.
（二）：表示反对和赞同。
1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,be adverse to,be
resistant to,be contradictory to,object to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to
These buildings are resistant to earthquake.
They are to tally opposed to any changes being made in the plans.
2: to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to,
The employer consented to give him a salary raise.
表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to, adjust to,conform to,habituate to,fit to,suit
to,correspond to,cater to
She tried to habituate herself to the style of plain living.
Your action should conform to the interests of the people.
They offered various foods to cater to the need of customers.
His words doesn’t fit to his actions.
Suit your writing style to the masses.
3: 表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrender to,give in
to,confess to,admit to.
The minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数
Countries nearby oceans are always subject to earthquake.
He confessed to having robbed the woman of her wallet.
We’re not the kind of people to yield to any military threat.
五: 表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to
He’s liable to seasickness.
You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.
六: 表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold o,adhere to,cling to
He still holds on to his original views.
七: 表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to
He’s confined to the house by illness.
He confined his remarks to scientific mangement.
八: 表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get (be) to,used to,be accustomed to
Finally,the students got used to my teaching method.
九: 表示起因和原由,如:owing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to
The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog.
The famous artist attributed his success to his wife.
十: 表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to
I aim to be an excellent college teacher.
His conceit lead to his failure.
These bad condition has given rise to a lot of crises
十一: 表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,
All military adventures by the two super powers are doomed to fail.
十二: 表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to
In addition to relief supplies,he also presented with some money.
The annual output of steel amounts to 1200 tons.
十三: 表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote to,commit to
He is determined to devote all his life to his.
十四: 表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to反date back to
The church dates back to the 13th century.
十五: 表示方位概念.如:close to,next to
I don’t like wool next to my skin.
十六: 表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to,
He usually appeals to arms to settle the territory dispute.
十七: 表示有关注,关于: as to,with regard to
十八: 表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to,
We should attach primary importance to job training.
十九: 表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in proportion to
According to today’s newspaper,the match will be postponed.
The lending countries subscribe towards capital stock in proportion to heir economic importance.
二十: 表示应该或必须含义的句式, 如:
It’s time to get up.
We are supposed to get here at seven.
It’s up to this country to ban nuclear weapons.
常用词组
respond to（反应）, appeal to（吸引）, catch on to（理解）, listen to （收听）,used to（过去常常）, give birth to,attend to（照料）, see to（负责）, be entitled to（有权）, belong to（属于）, come to（苏醒）, stand up to（勇敢面对）, help oneself to（请自便）, refer to,to the point（切题）,
Train them to stand up to any severe test in hard.
The ticket entitled you to a free meal in the luxury hotel.
See to it that the children get a hot meal after their swim.
You will catch on to the job shortly after wards.
People usually refer to television for up-to-the-minute news.